Sexual Harassment Disproportionately Affects Restaurant Workers

The link between sexual harassment and the restaurant business has come into the national spotlight recently, in part due to allegations by several women against Republican presidential candidate Herman Cain and the discussions they have inspired. As we discussed in a previous blog post here, journalists at MSNBC took the opportunity to review statistics on the prevalence of sexual harassment in restaurants. The surprising results appeared last week in a Huffington Post article entitled, Restaurants, Sexual Harassment Go Hand-In-Hand, According To New Report.

According to the article, fewer than 9% of American workers are employed by restaurants, yet 37% of the sexual harassment suits reported by the federal government so far in 2011 have taken place in restaurants. A poll of Louisiana restaurant employees cited by MSNBC indicated that 42% of female restaurant employees had experienced some form of sexual harassment during their careers.

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission announced in 2006 that it had entered into a settlement agreement with Cracker Barrel, a nationwide chain of “family dining” restaurants, for $2 million to resolve discrimination claims including sexual harassment. Earlier this year, a female employee of a Gordon Ramsay-affiliated restaurant in New York City filed a sexual harassment complaint with the state’s human rights agency. She alleged that male chefs subjected her to ongoing verbal abuse, sexual propositions, and groping. Male chefs staged a walkout in protest in April that apparently shut the restaurant down for several days.

The amount of sexual harassment settlements has also been a topic of debate. According to a Slate article entitled Is $45,000 a Lot for a Sexual Harassment Settlement?, one woman who accused Cain of sexual harassment received a $45,000 settlement and a second woman received a $35,000 settlement. The article points to a study that reviewed 50 sexual harassment cases before Chicago magistrate judges, revealing that victims of sexual harassment who prevail at trial receive an average jury award of $217,000. Those who resolve their cases before trial receive significantly less, with an average settlement of $53,000 and median of $30,000.

As with all discrimination cases, the value of a sexual harassment case is very fact specific. It is not uncommon for sexual harassment to lead to constructive discharge, where the sexual harassment victim has no choice but to resign due to intolerable working conditions. In such a scenario, recovery is not limited to emotional distress damages since the employee will certainly suffer economic loss as well. As one can imagine, the economic loss can vary greatly depending on one’s salary and length of unemployment.

If you are a victim of sexual harassment, contact the Boston sexual harassment attorneys at The Law Office of Alan H. Crede, P.C. through our website or at (617)973-6434 to schedule a confidential consultation.

More Sexual Harassment Blog Posts by The Law Office of Alan H. Crede, P.C.:

Sexual Harassment Claims Against Herman Cain, Boston Employment Lawyer Blog (November 3, 2011)
Sexual Harassment Claims in Federal Court: Overcoming the Farragher/Ellerth Defense, Boston Employment Lawyer Blog (October 5, 2008)
Sexual Harassment and Race Discrimination Claims Against Tavern on the Green Settled for $2.2 million, Boston Employment Lawyer Blog (June 8, 2008)

Your Doctor’s Tie Could Be Making You Sick

….and his lab coat too.

We’ve known for a couple decades now that doctors’ clothing are big germ carriers.

Experts recommend that doctors wear shortsleeves to avoid spreading germs.

But a short-sleeved, tie-liess doctor does not convey to people a very professional image.

A doctor’s dress plays a big part in our conceptions of his competence. As one doctor noted a generation ago:

“The physician’s dress should convey to even his most anxious patient a sense of seriousness of purpose that helps to provide reassurance and confidence that his or her complaints will be dealt with competently. True, the white coat is only a symbol of this attitude, but it has also the additional practical virtues of being identifiable, easily laundered, and more easily changed than street clothes if accidentally soiled…. Casual or slovenly dress is likely to convey, rightly or wrongly, casual or inattentive professional handling of their problem….”

Now we’re beginning to see reformers like Julia Hallisy (who lost a daughter to a hospital-borne infection) campaigning for a change in doctors’ uniforms.

Doctors know better than to wear germ-carrying ties. But the blame for patients’ preconceptions of what a doctor should look like. We should trust our doctors based on training and credentials, not based on their fashion sense.

Congratulations To Professor Bernabe

Last week, AbnormalUse marked its 500th post.

This week there’s another milestone in the torts law blogosphere worthy of congratulations: the third birthday of Prof. Alberto Bernabe’s Torts blog. Prof. Bernabe has blogged 1145 posts since Nov. 7, 2008.

1145 posts: all I can say is “Wow.” I hope to make it there someday too — if carpal tunnel does not derail me first.

 

When It Comes To Health Care Savings, You Have To Think Big. Really big.

  Dr. Ezekiel Emanuel (brother of Rahm and Ari) had an op-ed in last week’s New York Times that hammered home how big you really have to think if you want to stabilize health care costs. As Emanuel pointed out, lots of conservatives and liberals have their own pet ideas for how to rein in the cost of health care. But most of these ideas are too small to really make a dent in health care spending.

We spend $2.6 trillion a year on health care. Our health care spending is growing at a rate of $100,000,000,000.00 annually. So, if your proposal for trimming the cost of health care comes to less than 100 billion annually, health care spending will still be growing, despite your reform. Emanuel proposes that any health care reform proposal should have to net at least $26 billion in savings. That’s one percent of our (current) health care spending.

By this criterion, $250,000 caps on damages in medical malpractice fail the test. As Emanuel notes, caps on medical malpractice damages would only save at most $11 billion a year. And they might even lead to higher health care costs as doctors become more careless. (Gee whiz, given that avoidable medical errors are our sixth-leading cause of death, do you think so?).

I thought Emanuel’s op-ed made a lot of sense but one thing that surprised me was the disparaging tone he took toward the idea of identifying “million dollar babies” (patients whose health care tabs run into the millions of dollars). Emanuel seemed to suggest that once we identify the “million dollar babies,” there’s no way to reduce spending on them, other than cutting them off from more health care services. Have you heard of hotspotting, Zeke? Maybe that’s worth a shot.

Continue reading

A Business Legend Explains Why Insurance Companies Delay Resolving Personal Injury Claims

  Insurers always deny they’re acting in bad faith when they delay and dispute claims. They insist that they need to take so long to sort out the facts and determine if they are liable.

Trial lawyers and others have long insisted that these excuses are designed to conceal the insurance companies’ financial motives for stretching everything out.

This week, courtesy of a column by Arthur Licata in Massachusetts Lawyers Weekly, I came across a lengthy quote from Warren Buffet (a quote I don’t recall previously seeing) that perfectly explains how the insurance industry works.

Of course, the insurance business is a mainstay of Buffet’s Berkshire Hathaway and GEICO insurance and others are owned by Berkshire.

This is how Buffet explained the insurance component of Berkshire Hathaway in his 2009 letter to Berkshire shareholders:

“Insurers receive premiums up front and pay claims later. In extreme cases, such as those arising from certain workers’ compensation accidents, payments can stretch over decades. This collect now, pay later model leaves us holding large sums — money we call ‘float’ — that will eventually go to others.

“Meanwhile, we get to invest this float for Berkshire’s benefit. Though individual policies and claims come and go, the amount of float we hold remains remarkably stable in relation to premium volume. Consequently, as our business grows, so does our float.

“If premiums exceed the total of expenses and eventual losses, we register an underwriting profit that adds to the investment income produced by the float. This combination allows us to enjoy the use of free money — and better yet, get paid for holding it.”

What tort reformers and others don’t want you to understand is that the insurance business is really the investment business. When doctors’ medical malpractice premiums go up, doctors, ignorant of the insurance business, blame medical malpractice suits, instead of understanding that medical malpractice premiums are really controlled by investment returns, rather than payouts.

The next time sometime tells you they’re from an insurance company, think of it as a “getting paid-to hold-free money” company.

Continue reading

Supreme Court Allows Patients To Sue For Defective Artificial Hips

On Halloween, the Supreme Court denied certiorari — that is it declined to hear — an appeal in Stryker v. Bausch, a case in which a woman sued for injuries she received from an FDA-approved artificial hip that was later recalled.

Since the lower court, the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals, ruled in the woman’s favor, the Supreme Court’s decision not to hear the case allowed the woman’s victory to stand.

The argument on the part of the hip manufacturer was that the FDA approval process insulated it from liability.

We’ve seen what a joke the FDA approval process of medical devices can be. And we’ve also written a lot about how tort liability is superior to regulation — both from the perspective of compensating injury victims and from the perspective of insuring that the public has access to all kinds of new, safe medical devices.

So, two cheers for the Supreme Court. It doesn’t always get things wrong.

Continue reading

Sexual Harassment Claims Against Herman Cain

As sexual harassment allegations swirl, Republican presidential candidate Herman Cain has received much media scrutiny in recent days. Stories have appeared in the press about settlements with two women who accused him of sexual harassment when he headed the National Restaurant Association in the late 1990’s. That number very recently increased to three. Few definitive details of the two cases are available since the identities of the two women remain confidential and Cain’s own accounts of the events have been criticized less than consistent, even in the eyes of some of his supporters.

In an article entitled, Cain Accuser Got a Year’s Salary in Severance Pay, the New York Times reported that one of the alleged sexual harassment victims received a payment of $35,000, equal to one year’s salary, in severance when she left her employment with the National Restaurant Association. She left after Cain allegedly engaged in conduct that made her uncomfortable on a work outing with heavy drinking, which is said to be a common feature of hospitality industry events. People with knowledge of the situation confirmed the payment and its amount for New York Times reporters, with one person stating that the high amount of the woman’s severance was unusual given her pay grade and short tenure.

A second accuser also received a payment related to multiple claims of harassing behavior by Cain, but few details of her case have come to light. People who have commented to the media have requested anonymity, in part to protect the accusers’ privacy. Cain has offered various explanations for the two cases and has been criticized for being evasive. He told a Fox News host that the payments were for “agreements” and not “settlements.” This statement prompted conservative host Charles Krauthammer to suggest that Cain’s answer was “Clintonian,” referring to former President Bill Clinton’s tendency to split hairs about the meanings of words during the Lewinsky scandal of the late 1990’s.

The Cain sexual harassment scandal brings to light the mechanics involved in a settlement or severance agreement. Whether the document is described as severance or a settlement is typically insignificant. Regardless of its title, an agreement in this context is simply a binding contract between two or more parties. In this particular case, the alleged sexual harassment victims received payment in exchange for the legal promise not to sue the National Restaurant Association and Cain for sexual harassment. It is not uncommon for such agreements to contain additional terms such as, for instance, confidentiality and mutual non-disparagement, in which all parties agree not to speak negatively about each other.

Assuming that Cain agreed to the latter as part of the agreement, his characterization of the sexual harassment allegations as a “a witch hunt” and contention that he was falsely accused may run afoul of any existing non-disparagement obligations. Not surprisingly, Cain’s public commentary has led one victim’s attorney to request that the confidentiality requirements of the settlement agreement be lifted so that his client may defend herself.

According to this article by the Huffington Post, sexual harassment in the restaurant business occurs a disproportionately higher rate:

According to the MSNBC research 26 of the 75 (37% ) sexual harassment suits reported by the federal government so far this year took place in restaurants. Considering that less than 9% of American workers are employed by restaurants, this is a dramatically outsized percentage. And it’s not as if this year is some kind of aberration; the MSNBC piece cited a poll from Louisiana showing that 42% of female restaurant workers had experienced sexual harassment at some point in their careers.

Sexual harassment in the workplace violates Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Massachusetts Fair Employment Practices Act (M.G.L. c. 151B). Both state and federal law recognize two types of sexual harassment: quid pro quo and hostile work environment. Please visit our Sexual Harassment page here to learn more about the different forms of sexual harassment.

The Boston sexual harassment attorneys at The Law Office of Alan H. Crede, P.C. represent the rights of employees who have suffered sexual harassment. To schedule a confidential consultation to discuss your case, contact the firm through their website or at (617)973-6434.

More Sexual Harassment Blog Posts Blog Posts by The Law Office of Alan H. Crede, P.C.:

Sexual Harassment Claims in Federal Court: Overcoming the Farragher/Ellerth Defense, Boston Employment Lawyer Blog (October 5, 2008)
Sexual Harassment and Race Discrimination Claims Against Tavern on the Green Settled for $2.2 million, Boston Employment Lawyer Blog (June 8, 2008)
Sexual Harassment Victory Before the 11th Circuit Provides Greater Protection for Employees, Boston Employment Lawyer Blog (May 6, 2008)

Congratulations To Abnormal Use

Congratulations to our friends over at AbnormalUse, who recently celebrated a milestone:  their five hundredth blog post.

This blog is approximately as old as AbnormalUse and this post marks our 235th post, to give you some idea of how prolific AbnormalUse are.

AbnormalUse really makes their 500th post count too, sharing with readers some pearls of wisdom they’ve gained over the course of running the blog.

My own bit of wisdom for lawyers contemplating a blog: do it only if you love to write and/or write in your sleep. Blogging has to be its own reward; don’t count on your blogging winning you or your firm honors or acclaim. And write something worth reading. This xkcd cartoon on blogging pretty much sums up my view on blogging:

My other pearl of blogging wisdom: if you’re a lawyer-blogger who really wants to rack up the page views, make your blog political and news-oriented, rather than legal, like Althouse, Glenn Reynolds and Bill Jacobson have done. That’s part of why I admire AbnormalUse so much: they made it to 500 posts and managed to keep their blog’s focus intact.

 

 

Deinstitutionalizing Nursing Homes

Today’s New York Times featured an article on a new, and quickly spreading, effort to deinstitutionalize nursing homes by changing their physical structure. Instead of occupying a vast hospital-like building, these new nursing homes are made up of clusters of arts-and-crafts style houses called “Green Houses.”

Each Green House is home to approximately ten residents. The floor plans are open and lead to interaction between staff and residents. For instance, food for the residents is prepared in a warm open kitchen, instead of some industrial-grade cafeteria, and residents will often make small talk with the cooks as they prepare their food.

There are currently 117 Green House nursing homes in the United States, with plans for more.

Residents of Green Houses experience fewer bed sores than those in conventional nursing homes, according to one survey, and each day they get 24 minutes more of direct and personalized care and 1.5 hours more of nursing staff time than those living in traditional nursing homes.

The cost of nursing care in a Green House is approximately the same as the cost of nursing care in a traditional nursing home, but the per-patient construction costs of building a Green House are slightly higher than cost of building a traditional nursing home.

Let’s hope the Green House movement catches on.

(A side note: thanks to a talented client who recently introduced me to the wonders of Greene & Greene‘s arts-and-craft furniture and architecture, I thought the “Green House” movement’s arts-and-crafts houses might have taken their inspiration from Greene & Greene, but, alas, it appears they are so named because the “Green Houses” originated with the Green Hill nursing home corporation).

Continue reading

Speed Kills; The Consequences Are Forever

Via Andrew Sullivan (h/t Dave Hoffman), an arresting graphic about how a small difference in speed can multiply severalfold a pedestrian’s likelihood of dying in a car accident:

This is fact that could be played up a bit more by the public safety community. I’m aware of only one locale in the US where this fact is effectively publicized:  New York City. I’m not sure if they’re still up, but the Big Apple had a number of billboards showing a skull superimposed over a child’s face and saying, “At 20 mph, it is likely he’ll survive an accident; at 30 mph, he will most likely die. That’s why the City speed limit is 20 mph.”

Maybe instead of doing idiotic things like banning Segway tours, Mayor Menino could take a page from our friends in New York and have billboards plastered all over the City warning how a little difference in speed can make a big difference in survivability.

Continue reading